Container



July 7, 1936. G, K, HQFF- JR 2,046,628

CONTAINER Filed Feb. 24, 1933 5 Sheets-Sheet l July 7, 1936. G, K HOFF, JR 2,046,628

CONTAINER Filed Feb. 24, '1933 3 Sheets-Sheet' 2 wen/raf? @cra July 7, 1936.

c. K. HOFF. JR 2,046,628

CONTAINER Filed Feb. 24, 1933 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented July 7, 1936 CONTAINER George K. Holl, Jr., Philadelphia, Pa., assigner, by mesne assignments, to Florence E. Dailey,

Haverford, Pa.

Application February 24, 1933, serial N6. 658,366 6 claims. (ci. zzo- 4.5)

This invention relates to an improvement in containers.

More particularly, this invention relates to an improvement in 'bottles and vmethod for their production, and is more especially adaptable t0 milk bottles. I

As is generally known there exists a deman for a container of the bottle type, and more especially in the form of a milk bottle, made from amaterial, as paper, or other 'fibrous sheet material, which would be light in weight and which would be of such small cost as to warrant its destruction when emptied, as compared with the substantial weight of the present glass milk l5 bottles and the cost thereof, which renders necessary their collection and reuse after washing and sterilizing, which operations entail substantiall expense, due more especially to the high cost of washing and sterilizing equipment. Heretofore it has been attempted to supply the demand for a container of the milk bottle type by the provision of a bottle formed in a plurality of pieces, from paper, the pieces being joined to form the complete bottle. Such attempts, however, .have failed to satisfactorily supply the demand since the cost of the completed bottle is excessive and its eiciency is low, more particularly in that requisite strength and absence of leakage has not been obtained.

Now in accordance with this invention a bottle formed from a single sheet of ibrous material, as paper, and a method for its production is provided. Y l

The bottle in accordance with this invention will have requisite strength due to its structural characteristics, and will be completely leakproof due to its integral 'structure entirely tree from any joints. I

The method in accordance with this invention will be relatively simple in practice and may be carried out by hand, though it will be preferable' for any substantial production to utilize some suitable form' of apparatus. for performing the various steps.

In general the bottle in accordance with this with a suitable waterproong material, tor example, a. wax, as which will act to adhere the pleats, waterproof the brous material and 'give to the nished bottle a desired rigidity. Desirably the bottle will b e formed with 5 the impregnated sheet in a heated condition and when completely formed will desirably be coated I interiorly, as by spraying, with a Waterproong material, as, for example, wax.

Having now indicated in a general way the 1o nature and purpose of this invention, I will proceed to a detailed description of a preferred embodiment.thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

' Figure 1 is a plan view of a sheet of -ilbrous 15- material for the formation of a milk bottle, with pleating indicated and a pair of pleating ngers shown.

Figure 2 isa diagrammatic sectional view in-v dicating the formation of a pleat. 20

Figure 3 is a perspective View showing the application of a milk bottle form to. the pleated sheet.

Figure 4 is a sectional view showing the pleatedsheet conformed to a milk bottle form in asso- 25 ciation with retainers preliminary to forming the lip of the bottle.

vFigure 5 is a sectional view showing a die and press for forming the lip of the bottle on completion of the lip forming operation. 30

Figure 6 is a plan view of segmental retainers for the upper or neck portion of the bottle.

Figure '7 is a plan view of the bottom of a n-` ished milk bottle.

Figure 8 is a perspective view of a nished milk 35 bottle.

Figure 9 is a sectional view of a modmed form of lip at an intermediate stage.

Figure 10 is a sectional view of the modied form of lip completed. y 40 Figure 11 is a side view of a modied form of milk bottle.

Figure 12 is a diagrammatic view on line IZ-I 2 Figure 11.

Figure 13 is a diagrammatic view on line |3-I3 45 Figure 11.

Referring more particularly to Figures 7 and 8, it will be noted that the bottle inaccordance with this invention, which is formed iroma sin gle sheet of paper, comprises a pleated bottom A, pleated body B, pleated neck portions C and a crushed or compressed lip D. The pleats e beginning adacent to the center of the bottom A extend generally radially of the bottom and continue upwardly of the body and neck, being folded backwardly uponv themselves in. neck portion in order to permit of the narrowing orf tapering of the neck. As will be noted from an inspection of Figure 8, the pleats e extend upwardly of the body ofthe bottle with their free edges f at an angle t the axis .of the bottle.

From approximately the line of juncture of the body and neck or tapering portion of 'the bottle the pleats are folded backwardly upon them-V from the point of beginning of the folds h, at

approximately the juncture of the neck and body, and at an angle to the direction of exten- -sion of the edges f of the pleats in the body.V

The lip D of the bottle is formed by compression and consolidation of `the pleated excess i of the sheet, which yextends beyond the neck portion of the bottle. Y

As will be noted the bottom of the bottle is strengthened or reinforced by the radially extending pleats and may be, and desirably is,

formed concave or dished inwardly, for further strength. The body'of the bottle is reinforced by the pleats e, and the neck portion, which takes the greatest strain, when lifting orpouring from the bottle, is doubly reinforced b virtue of the folding of the'pleats upon themelves to compensate for the taper of the neck. Finally, ,the lip is rigidv due to ,its formation by-compression of-,the excess pleated paper. The lip, of course-is formed for the reception. and retention of the usual milk bottle cap.

Referring now to Figures 11, 12, and 13 in which are shown a milk bottle of a modied structure from that shownin Figures 7 and 8, the bottlecomprises a bottom (not shown) similar to that shown in Figure 8,-a body portion B', a neck portion C' and a lip D.4 'I'he bottom and body B' are-formed by conforming a pleated sheet to a form; while the neck portion Cf is formed by increasing the size of thepleats e and extending them at. a greater angle to the axis of the bottle, and in overlapping re1ation,in

order to compensate for the taper of the neck portion. The lip D' is produced by crushing ex- 1 cess pleated material as in the case "of the bottle shown in. Figures 7 and 8.

Injthe formation of a bottle in accordance with this invention, as has been indicated, the sheet vof brous material, as paper, light cardboard, or the like, or equivalent material, is desirability impregnated with wax, as parailine, carnauba wax, beeswax, or-the like, orI other suitable waterproong material whichwill also operate to adhere the pleats and generally stiifen vthe bottle. vWhere'wax, for example, is used the pleating of the sheet and formation of thebottle is desirably carried out in the presence of heat. The bottle may be and preferably is, on completion of its formation, interiorly coated, Vas for example,byspraying, with wax or other suitable composition to stiifen it and insure that it will be waterproof and to give it' a nished and sanitary interior. If desired the exterior of thebottle may be coated withany desiredcomposition to further stiften it and give'it adesired nish. v

tratea modified lip, some of the excess pleated material iis trimmed olf, or asmaller .sheet is used, and a metal rim i placedv over the lip, as

' shown in Figure 9, and compressed the ex- Referring now to Figures9 and 10, which illususual metal bottle cap, as indicated in Figure 10.

Referring now to Figures 1-6 inclusive, by

which the procedure for the production of a bottlein accordance with this inventionis illustrated, :l: indicates a.' sheet of fibrous material, as paper, a light kraft board, a suitable fabric, or other suitable material. v'I'he sheet :l: is= desirably though not necessarily square and may be and desirably is impregnatedwith awax, as parafne, or other suitable 'waterproofing material of 'an adhesive character. lc, k .indicates lines upon which the sheet is pleated from its center, either by hand, or by suitable mechanical manipulation of ngers I, I, drawing through .a 1 5 pleating-die, or otherwise.

The pleating is illustrated, for example, by

Figure 2, from an inspection of which it will 'be observed that one of the ngers positioned be-I neath the sheet is brought over the other posidrawn leaving the pleat e. l The sheet :c having been pleated as described,

tioned above the sheet and the fingers then withis drawn upwardly about a collapsible form m, f which is centered with the sheet, as shown in 25 Figure 3. The -form m is so constructed as to collapse in order that it may be removed from the bottle when formed. y

The pleated sheet is drawn upwardly about the form m, or alternatively the form is moved 30 downwardly withreference to the sheet, until the bottom of the form is conformed with theA central portion of the sheet to define the bote tom A of the bottle without, however,l destroying the pleats e, which will extend radially of the bottom of the bottle from adjacent its center, as shown in Figure 7.

AThe bottom of the form m having beenconformed with the sheet :c to dene the bottom of the bottle, the sheet is conformed with the Y body of the form with the pleats e all folded in one direction, in the present case to the'right,

as shown in Figure 4, and having their free edges f extending at an angle to the axis of the body.

-The sheet having been conformed to the .body of the form a retainer n is applied to hold the pleats in their extension upward of the body of the form in place. The retainer 1t-may be of any suitable construction and may be, for ,-ex-

ample, a ring of the height of the body of the form. and adapted toencircle a base member 0 upon which the formmay rest after formation of the bottom ofthe bottle and by which the pleats in the bottom may be held' during the completion of the bottle. y The sheet havingbeen.- conformed to the body of the form, the pleats e are'folded upon themselves, the folds being made in reverse direction words, the folding ofthe pleats upon themselves 65 takes up the excess material arising from the taper of the neck as compared with the substantial cylindrical nature of th e body. f

When the sheet hasl been conformed with the l neck portion 'of the form -segmental retainers p, p are brought into engagement with the neck portion to retain the pleats during the formation ofthelipD. Y'

The retainers p, p maybe of any suitable construction, but will desirably `forni extensions to that of the extension of the pleats throughout v I lthe body, and conformed to the neck portionof 50 of the retainer n and will extend well above the top of the form m to embrace the excess of the sheets: fromwhich the lip will be formed. TheV retainers will also form with the upper end por- Y lar plunger r operating between' the retainers p and the upper end portion m' of the form will operate to crush the excess material i down and into the groove q for the formation of the lip D, as will be clear from an inspection of Figure 5, which shows the plunger r retracted after the formation of the lip. f

Apparatus and procedure similar to that'above I described may be used for the formation of the form of bottle shown in Figures 10, 11 and 12, it being noted, however, that the pleats in the neck portion C are carried through the neck portion at an increased angle, and with increased size, and' in overlapping relation as compared with folded each upon itself as in the case of the form of bottle shown in Figure 8.

It will now be appreciated that the bottle in 'accordance with this invention is distinguished,

from the broad standpoint, by the fact that it is formed from a single sheet of material, as a felted brous material, as paperfor other suitable or equivalent material. In more speciiic embodiments the-bottle involves a pleated structure and is provided with a lip formed by compressing and consolidating or agglomerating a portion of the material from which the bottle is formed, with or without the addition of a separate lip member. Further, the material from which the bottle is formed may be and desirably is impregnated with any suitable waterprooiing and stiffening material, which where a. pleated structure is used desirably will also act to adhere the pleats, and may be interiorly, and if desired also exteriorly, coated with any suitable material to further stiifen and waterproof and/or give .desired finish.

The method in accordance with this invention is distinguished from the broad standpoint by the conforming of a single sheet of material to a form for the formation of a bottle, the sheet being suitably waterproofed and stiffened. More speciilcally the method contemplates the pleating and conforming of a single sheet of material to A the form of a bottle and the formation 'of a lip thereon by compression, consolidation or agglomeration of a. portion of the sheet of material of which the bottle is formed.

What I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:

1. Abottle formed from a single sheet of brous material and comprising a bottom portion, a body portion, a tapering neck portion and a lip, the 10 sheet of brous material being pleated from adjacent the center of the bottom through the body and neck portions and compressed to form the lip.

2. A bottle formed from a single sheet of pleat- 15 ed, felted iibrous material comprising a bottom, a body, a tapering neck and a lip, the pleats extending iromadjacent the center of the bottom through the body and neck and being folded upon themselves in the neck portion. Y e

3. A bottle formed from a single sheet of pleated, felted brous material comprising a bottom, a body, a tapering neck and a-lip, the pleats extending from adjacent the center of the bottom through the body and neck at an angle to the axis of the bottle and being in overlapped relation in the neck portion. i

4. A bottle formed from a sheet of pleated, felted, fibrous material comprising a bottom, a body, a tapering neck, anda lip, the plts being folded `back upon themselves in the neck portion.

5. A receptacle formed from a single sheet of fibrous material' and comprising a bottom portion, a body portion and a lip, the sheet of brous material being formed into pleats rlmning radially in the bottom portion and extending through the body portion and being compressed to form the lip.

6. A receptacle formed from a single sheet of iibrous material and comprising arbottom portion, a body portion and a lip, the sheet of fibrous material being formed into pleats running radially in the bottom portion and extending through the body portion and having its free end portion crushed and consolidated by vertical compression to form a lip of homogeneous structure throughout integral with and in extension of the body.

GEORGE K. HOFF, Jn. w 

